Authors: E.I. Buneeva, B.G. Tryasunov

Title of the article: The methods of coal structure determination

Year: 2017, Issue: 4, Pages: 147-154

Branch of knowledge: Chemical technology

Index UDK: 662.73+547.992

DOI: 10.26730/1999-4125-2017-4-147-154

Abstract: The methods for determination of the organic compounds structure being the components of the coal structure are considered. The comparative characteristic of models by Seyler, Moock, Fuchs, Jile is presented. The study presents the parameters that allow making a conclusion on coal structure, including the structure of the carbon skeleton; the location of heteroatoms around the atoms of carbon; the nature of the functional groups containing heteroatoms; the spatial arrangement of molecules. The analysis of classification of various types of coals (vitrinites, xylitols, tellinites, fusains, exinites, alginites) depending on their origin and physical and chemical properties is presented. The composition of various coals is reviewed. Models of coal molecular structures are proposed. The differences of aromatic, molecular and pseudo-molecular structures of coal are shown. The key feature of high molecular weight organic compounds of coals is their hybrid structure. The basic structural elements of such molecules are polycyclic systems which include aromatic, cycloparaffin and heterogeneous ring compounds. The condensed cyclic systems are surrounded and connected among themselves by rather short aliphatic bridges; and in lateral chains there are alicyclic substituents. Nitrogen and sulphur are included mainly into heterocycles, and to a lesser extent, into the lateral chains in the form of functional groups NH2, NHCH3, SH, etc. Oxygen is included both into the lateral chains, and in heterocycles.

Key words: coal structure destruction products element analysis

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