Authors: K.M. Shpakodraev, S.I. Zherebtsov, Z.R. Ismagilov

Title of the article: Extraction and component composition of bitumoys from solid fossil fuels (review)

Year: 2018, Issue: 1, Pages: 169-179

Branch of knowledge: Chemical technology

Index UDK: 665.7.032.56

DOI: 10.26730/1999-4125-2018-1-169-179

Abstract: A review of the literature on the group and component composition of brown coal and peat bitumen is presented. The group composition is characterized by the presence of waxes and resins. The functional and component composition of waxes and resins includes alcohols, carboxylic acids, n-, iso- and cycloalkanes, steroids, carbonyl compounds. Along with this, there is a large number of unidentified compounds. A number of biologically active substances are also considered, their structural formulas are given. Some of the processing conditions and methods affecting the yield and composition of extractable bitumen are considered. In addition, the importance of carrying out the alkylation process immediately before the extraction of bitumen is determined, which allows to selectively increase the yield of bitumen from solid fuels, which include alcohols, carboxylic acids, long chain esters of normal structure, steroid and triterpene structures. The existing domestic deposits of brown coal are analyzed. The urgency of studies aimed at studying the component composition of extractable bitumen and the development of a methodology for complex extraction processing of brown coal mined from domestic deposits is emphasized. The development of this methodology will close the country's need for importing waxes from abroad, as well as synthesize substances that can be used in various industries.

Key words: bitumens of solid fossil fuels mountain wax component composition

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