Authors: Ya.L. Liberman, L.N. Gorbunova, K.Yu. Letnev

Title of the article: The progressive structure of the ladles of active action for earth moving machines

Year: 2021, Issue: 1, Pages: 87-96

Branch of knowledge: 25.00.22 Geotechnology (underground, open and construction)s

Index UDK: 622.691.4:053:533.6(252.6)

DOI: 10.26730/1999-4125-2021-1-87-96

Abstract: The article notes that when digging frozen and other solid soils, earthmoving machines with active buckets are used, which, along with their main function – cutting the soil with the separation of chips, lifting and dumping it, facilitate this function – soften the soil, its loosening and crushing. Typical design variants of active-action buckets are considered and it is noted that the supply of buckets with special structural elements (rippers, strikers, etc.) complicates their design, but with their proper use, the technological capabilities of earthmoving machines expand, and the productivity of earthmoving works increases. The article delineates the modern areas of application of active buckets. Production experience shows that buckets with rippers are designed for the development of medium-strength soils, and for the development of strong fractured rocks and similar rocks with a strength of about 80 MPa, it is more effective to use active buckets equipped with different types of strikers (pneumatic, hydraulic, magnetostrictive, etc.). It is shown that high noise, significant energy consumption and the inability to reconfigure the law of motion of the pneumatic striker are the main disadvantages of buckets. It is noted that these disadvantages are to a certain extent devoid of active buckets with hydraulic and magnetostrictive strikers. To increase the durability of the buckets, they can be equipped with friction-reducing elements, for example, a wear-resistant coating. Currently, there are two promising directions for the development of progressive designs of active buckets: their specialization and universalization. The first is aimed at improving the efficiency of excavating well-defined soils, the second-a variety of soils with fundamentally different properties.

Key words: excavator active bucket teeth striker soil ripper vibration

Receiving date: 10.01.2021

Publication date: 29.04.2021

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