Authors: V.N. Shevkoplyas

Title of the article: Thermal processing of plastic wastes mixed with brown coal

Year: 2024, Issue: 6, Pages: 47-57

Branch of knowledge: 2.6.12. Chemical technology of fuel and high-energy substances

Index UDK: 62-665.4: 622.7

DOI: 10.26730/1999-4125-2024-6-47-57

Abstract: Traditional waste disposal methods do not meet the criteria of today, and the formation and accumulation of the so-called "black plastic," which practically does not decompose over a long period of time, involves the search for new approaches to its disposal. One of the promising areas may be a thermal method for the joint processing/disposal of various plastic wastes mixed with low-grade brown coal. Co-pyrolysis of two-component systems composed of brown coal and various plastic wastes were carried out in a laboratory plant in a fixed-bed reactor. The resulting tar was analyzed by IR- and ¹H NMR- spectroscopy. Characteristics of the obtained co-carbonate and data on its further activation in a stream of water vapour are given. The composition of the gas phase was analyzed by chromatography. It was determined that a 10% plastic additive in the test mixture increased the tar yield by 10-25% compared to the original brown coal (control). The appearance of new absorption bands at 3150, 2625 cm^-1 and 1320-1180 cm^-1 in the IR- spectrum indicates plastic degradation and the presence of oxygen-containing and olefinic compounds in the tar and accumulation of aromatic fragments (725 cm^-1). Increased intensity signals in the ¹H NMR- spectrum in the range of 6.0-4.5 ppm confirm the presence of unsaturated compounds in the tar. At the same time, the solid residue discharged from the reactor is sintered into a "cake." With its further activation in water vapor, it is fashionable to obtain active coals with a good specific surface area. Analysis of the gas phase showed a high content of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in it. Research results indicate the prospects of a thermal method for the processing/disposal of two-component mixtures composed of brown coal and various plastic wastes.

Key words: brown coal plastic wastes co-pyrolysis tar carbonizate gas phase IR- and ¹H NMR-spectroscopy activation

Receiving date: 01.09.2024

Approval date: 22.11.2024

Publication date: 05.12.2024

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