Authors: A.A. Bessarabova, A.I. Fomin

Title of the article: Review of contemporary issues of forecasting and preventing geodynamic phenomena in coal mines

Year: 2026, Issue: 3, Pages: 110-120

Branch of knowledge: 2.8.6. Geomechanics, destruction of rocks by explosion, mine aerogasdynamics and mining thermophysics

Index UDK: 622.831.32; 004.942

DOI: 10.26730/1999-4125-2026-3-110-120

Abstract: The paper examines current issues in predicting and preventing geodynamic phenomena in coal mines under conditions of mining deepening and increasing stress in the coal-rock mass of Kuzbass. The relevance of the study stems from the high accident rate associated with manifestations of rock bursts, sudden coal and gas outbursts, coal seam extrusion, dynamic failure of floor rocks, and the need to improve industrial safety in deep, methane-bearing coal seams. The aim of the work is to summarize existing concepts of the mechanism of geodynamic phenomena and to analyze the current state of methods for their prediction and monitoring, considering the multifactorial and nonlinear nature of processes in the rock mass. The methods employed include an analytical review of regulatory documents and scientific publications, analysis of theoretical geomechanical models of the stress-strain state, examination of practical experience in applying microseismic, acoustic emission, and deformation monitoring, as well as approaches based on machine learning. It is shown that the multifactorial and nonlinear nature of the processes, spatial heterogeneity of the rock mass, and noise in recorded signals significantly limit the reliability of single-factor and local methods, increasing the rate of false alarms and missed detections of hazardous zones. The necessity of transitioning to integrated, adaptive forecasting systems is substantiated, including the integration of various monitoring channels, the construction of digital twins of the rock mass, the use of intelligent data processing algorithms, and a risk-oriented approach to safety management. The results obtained can be used to improve the regulatory and methodological framework, design geodynamic testing sites, modernize monitoring systems, and develop software and hardware complexes for assessing and managing the geodynamic situation in coal mines.

Key words: geodynamic phenomena coal mines rock bursts sudden outbursts geomechanical monitoring

Receiving date: 20.02.2026

Approval date: 15.06.2026

Publication date: 27.08.2026

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